A citizen is an individual who holds membership in a particular nation-state or political community and enjoys certain rights, privileges, and responsibilities as a result. Citizenship typically entails legal recognition by a government, granting individuals various civil, political, and social rights, including the right to vote, participate in public affairs, access public services, and enjoy legal protections under the law. Citizenship may be acquired through birth, descent, naturalization, or other legal means, depending on the laws of the country. Citizens are expected to fulfil certain duties and obligations, such as obeying laws, paying taxes, serving on juries, and defending the nation if necessary. The concept of citizenship is central to the organisation and functioning of modern societies, as it defines the relationship between individuals and the state, as well as the rights and responsibilities that accompany this relationship.
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This glossary post was last updated: 29th March, 2024.
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