Define: Civil

In legal terminology, “civil” typically refers to matters pertaining to private rights and remedies, as opposed to criminal proceedings. Civil law governs disputes between individuals, organisations, or entities, concerning issues such as contracts, property rights, personal injury, family law, and business disputes. Civil cases are initiated by one party, known as the plaintiff, who seeks to enforce or protect their rights by bringing a lawsuit against another party, known as the defendant. In civil proceedings, the burden of proof is typically lower than in criminal cases, often requiring only a preponderance of evidence to establish liability. The objective of civil litigation is to obtain a legal remedy, such as monetary compensation (damages), specific performance, or injunctions, to address the harm or injury suffered by the plaintiff. Civil litigation may involve various legal processes, including pleadings, discovery, motion practice, and trial, with the ultimate goal of resolving disputes and providing justice for the parties involved.

This site contains general legal information but does not constitute professional legal advice for your particular situation. Persuing this glossary does not create an attorney-client or legal adviser relationship. If you have specific questions, please consult a qualified attorney licensed in your jurisdiction.

This glossary post was last updated: 29th March, 2024.