“Criminal” refers to a person who has been convicted of committing a crime. In legal terms, a crime is an offence against public law that is punishable by the government through imprisonment, fines, probation, or other penalties. Criminal law defines the types of conduct that are prohibited and outlines the procedures for investigating, prosecuting, and adjudicating criminal offences. Criminal acts can range from relatively minor infractions, such as traffic violations, to serious felonies, such as murder or robbery. The prosecution must prove the defendant’s guilt beyond a reasonable doubt, and defendants have the right to a fair trial and legal representation. If found guilty, a criminal may face sanctions ranging from community service or probation to incarceration in prison.
- n. a popular term for anyone who has committed a crime, whether convicted of the offence or not. More properly, it should apply only to those actually convicted of a crime. Repeat offenders are sometimes called habitual criminals.
- adj. describing certain acts or people involved in or relating to a crime. Examples of uses include “criminal taking,” “criminal conspiracy,” a “criminal gang.
A misdemeanour is a less serious crime punishable by a maximum of one year in jail, while a felony is a more serious offence carrying a potential prison sentence of more than one year.
Yes, in certain circumstances, law enforcement officers can make an arrest without a warrant if they have probable cause to believe a crime has been committed.
The Miranda warning is a statement read to individuals in police custody, informing them of their constitutional rights, including the right to remain silent and the right to an attorney.
In some cases, individuals can be charged with a crime even if they did not physically commit it. For example, they may be charged as an accomplice or for conspiracy if they were involved in planning or aiding the commission of the crime.
The statute of limitations varies depending on the jurisdiction and the nature of the crime. Generally, more serious offenses have longer statutes of limitations, while minor offenses may have shorter time limits for prosecution.
Yes, the decision to press charges ultimately rests with the prosecutor, who can choose to proceed with a case even if the victim does not wish to cooperate.
Being under the influence of drugs or alcohol can potentially lead to criminal charges, especially if it impairs your ability to safely operate a vehicle or if it contributes to the commission of another crime.
The consequences of a criminal conviction can vary depending on the offence and jurisdiction. They may include fines, probation, imprisonment, loss of certain rights (such as voting or owning firearms), and a permanent criminal record that can affect employment and housing opportunities.
This site contains general legal information but does not constitute professional legal advice for your particular situation. Persuing this glossary does not create an attorney-client or legal adviser relationship. If you have specific questions, please consult a qualified attorney licensed in your jurisdiction.
This glossary post was last updated: 11th April, 2024.
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